The Russia–Ukraine war has become a major test of how states fight, adapt and deter one another in the twenty-first century. Since …
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Hindutva, the Kashmir Conflict and Regional Peace: Lessons from the 2025 India–Pakistan Crisis
by Hamna Masoodby Hamna MasoodKashmir is often described as a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan. From a Pakistani perspective, however, that description leaves out an …
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Divide to Govern? Rethinking Pakistan’s Provincial Boundaries
by Atika Ameerby Atika Ameer“The worth of a state, in the long run, is the worth of the individuals composing it.” —John Stuart Mill John Stuart Mill …
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The New Phase of US-Iran Conflict: Strait of Hormuz Crisis, Military Strikes, and Regional Security Risks
The US-Iran conflict has entered another dangerous phase, highlighting the fragility of recent diplomatic progress and the growing risk of wider regional …
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The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT): Challenges, Limitations, and Future Prospects
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. It is built upon …
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US-Iran Conflict Escalates: Military Operations, Strait of Hormuz Crisis, and Regional Security Risks
The latest week of the ongoing US–Iran conflict represented one of the most perilous phases of the conflict, with persistent military operations, …
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Industrialization under CPEC 2.0 and Sustainability Concerns
CPEC, a flagship project between China and Pakistan, is all set to enter its second phase. The second phase of CPEC, popularly …
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Trump Eyes Major Escalation in Iran War as US Considers Strikes on Kharg Island and Pickaxe Mountain
by Adminby AdminPresident Donald Trump is reportedly weighing a dramatic expansion of U.S. military operations in Iran, with discussions focusing on intensified airstrikes, possible …
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US-Iran Talks: From Intense Diplomacy to Phase-II of the Conflict
For more than four decades, the relationship between the United States and Iran has been defined by strategic rivalry, economic sanctions, proxy …
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Managed Competition: A New Normal for Middle East Diplomacy? What Happens on Day 61?
The US-Iran MoU hasn’t ended the standoff; rather, it has redefined it. Behind the fragile calm at the Strait of Hormuz lies …
